Armillaria

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Armillaria is a parasitic fungi that lives on the trees and woody shrubs, in small dense clumps or tufts. The muschroom tops are usually yellow-brown, with a sticky touch when moist.

Stem Cankers

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Cankers are brown, small, black spore producing structures on dead tissue. Cankers are caused by a fungus that infects wounded rose canes.

Soft Rots

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Bacterial soft rots are caused by several types of bacteria and a destructive on vegetables and herbs.

Sclerotinia

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Damping-off frequently attacks young seedlings of almost all kinds of vegetables and herbs. Just after seedlings have emerged from the soil, they are easily killed by fungus organisms likely to be present vegetable field. Seedlings that die or fall over are said to “damp-off”. Seedlings may also die before emergence, referred to as pre-emergence damping-off. The pathogen has increase in importance in years.

Root Rots

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These fungi will show up in different ways and all are species of some of the common root rots. The host range of these fungi is very wide as it affects a range of woody shrubs and perennials. The fungus occurs naturally in the temperate and tropical regions. These soil borne fungi infects roots of plants, move up the stems resulting into diebacks, yellowing of foliage, poor plant vigor and darkening of larger roots.

Rhizoctonia

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Damping-off frequently attacks young seedlings of almost all kinds of vegetables and herbs. Just after seedlings have emerged from the soil, they are easily killed by fungus organisms likely to be present vegetable field. Seedlings that die or fall over are said to “damp-off”. Seedlings may also die before emergence, referred to as pre-emergence damping-off. The pathogen has increase in importance in years.

Pythium

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Damping-off frequently attacks young seedlings of almost all kinds of vegetables and herbs. Just after seedlings have emerged from the soil, they are easily killed by fungus organisms likely to be present vegetable field. Seedlings that die or fall over are said to “damp-off.” Seedlings may also die before emergence, referred to as pre-emergence damping-off. The pathogen has increase in importance in years.

Powdery Mildew

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This disease is caused by a fungus that attacks the plant and forms a white powdery spore on new tender growth then spreads out into other plant parts. The pathogen is usually favoured by warm, dry days and cooler, damp nights. The new leaves may become curled or twisted and the shoots may look badly deformed. In some varieties, the upper surface of the leaf may appear normal but the underside has extensive fungus growth.

Fusarium

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Damping-off frequently attacks young seedlings of almost all kinds of vegetables and herbs. Just after seedlings have emerged from the soil, they are easily killed by fungus organisms likely to be present vegetable field. Seedlings that die or fall over are said to “damp-off”. Seedlings may also die before emergence, referred to as pre-emergence damping-off. The pathogen has increase in importance in years.

Downey Mildew

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A major disease of foliar of vegetables and herbs and is particular severe in tropical environment. The initial symptoms are found on the top surface of leaves and consist of small pale green to greasy looking angular or rectangular spots that are delimited by leaf vein. During moist weather the corresponding lower leaf surface is covered with downy, pale gray to purple fungal mycelium and spores.

Crown Gall

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The disease is caused by a soil inhabiting bacteria that enters the plant through the wounds. The bacterium forms cream, brownish black in colour, irregular shaped, bulbous masses of tissue (galls) that starts as small tissue swellings and eventually develops into lumpy and rough textured masses (galls). This bacterium attacks the roots, bud union and is concentrated on lower base of a plant. Infected plants can survive with this gall for several years or decline and eventually die. These galls can negatively impact on rose’s production.

Botrytis Blight

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A fungal disease which attacks cankered stems and flowers. The fungus grows into a gray brown fuzz mycelium that causes the flower petals to turn brown and shrivel. The predisposing factors are cooler and moist weather conditions. This can be accelerated by weakened plant tissues. Stressed plants are highly susceptible to the disease pathogens.